South Africa’s VAT registration threshold has remained unchanged at R1 million in annual turnover since 2009. In the intervening years, inflation has eroded the real value of this threshold. If it had been adjusted annually, analysts estimate it would now be closer to R2.1 million.
As a result, more small businesses are required to register for VAT. Crossing the threshold obliges firms to file VAT returns, implement invoicing systems that comply with SARS requirements, and respond to verification requests. For many small enterprises—particularly sole proprietors, consultants, and service providers—these obligations create additional administrative and compliance costs. In many cases, firms must hire tax practitioners to manage the process, placing pressure on operating margins.
VAT registration also introduces cash flow challenges. Businesses are often required to pay VAT before client payments are received, increasing financial strain. For firms whose customer base consists largely of private individuals, the situation is compounded: they must either increase their prices by the 15% VAT rate or absorb the cost, reducing profitability.
Some businesses attempt to remain below the threshold by structuring operations into separate entities. While this may reduce VAT exposure, it introduces inefficiencies and raises concerns regarding compliance with tax legislation.
Industry stakeholders argue that the static threshold may be limiting small-business growth.
The associated compliance burden risks diverting resources away from expansion and job creation. Policymakers face a balance: while broadening the VAT base generates additional revenue, the administrative impact on small businesses may outweigh the fiscal benefits.
The current threshold, unchanged for over a decade, highlights the tension between revenue collection priorities and the policy objective of supporting small-business development.